ABSTRACT
The demand for ophthalmic diagnosis and monitoring equipment is high due to day-by-day increasing eye-related diseases. These diseases are growing very fast due to changes in lifestyle, the aging crowd, and chronic diseases. During COVID-19, old ophthalmic diagnostic devices failed to fulfill the patients' needs due to social distancing and took more diagnosis time, making patients uncomfortable and unsatisfied to visit the clinic. Seeing all these problems during the COVID-19 time, patients are demanding personalized healthcare services and clinical home services to protect themselves from the COVID-19 virus attack. To fulfill the mass personalized needs and easily accesses clinical services from the patient's home, there is a requirement to embrace Industry 5.0 with its emerging digital technologies. The current work is based on the theoretical view of Industry 5.0 in ophthalmology and its supporting digital technology, various models and challenges faced by the healthcare system in ophthalmology during the COVID-19 pandemic time, limitations of the study, and its future scope, digital metrology, and strength, limitation, opportunities, and threat analysis in brief. © 2023, Metrology Society of India.
ABSTRACT
Spontaneous pneumomediastinum (SPM) is a decisive complication reported to be associated with COVID-19. Here, we present a case of SPM in a COVID-19positive patient that was not caused by any iatrogenic or known reasons. At the time of admission, the patient was COVID-positive and distressed. He was immediately subjected to hematological and radiological investigations (chest X-ray, HRCT), which confirmed pneumomediastinum. The patient was hypoxic and hypotensive even after receiving ionotropic support. Considering the patient's critical condition, a mediastinal pigtail catheterization was performed instead of a thoracotomy, and the catheter was in situ for nine days. Arterial blood gas was monitored during the hospital stay, and supplementary oxygen therapy was provided accordingly. The patient subsequently recovered and was discharged. Hence, SPM in this COVID patient was treated by pigtail catheterization, and major surgical interventions were avoided.Copyright © 2023 LookUs Scientific. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
RATIONALE: COVID-19 pandemic has infected millions with a high mortality rate worldwide. There is need of protecting healthcare workers (HCWs) from SARS-CoV-2 while treating patients. We designed, developed and analysed effectiveness of a physical barrier called bronchoscopy safety box (BSB) to prevent COVID-19 transmission to HCFs while doing bronchoscopy procedures and endotracheal intubation. METHOD: Two prototypes of Bronchoscopy safety box (BSBs) viz., prototype 1 (figure 2a) and prototype 2 (figure 2b), was developed (made up of acrylic and PVC sheets). BSB include the additional presence of the bronchoscopy aperture and an assistant aperture. In prototype 1, each aperture has a PVC valve which opens and closes with entry and exit of the hands while instead of PVC valves, there are gloves attached at the Doctor's and assistant aperture in Prototype 2 which minimizes risk of aerosol coming out of these apertures. There is negative suction port which is important in reducing the aerosol content inside the BSB. The patient end has PVC sheet curtains to accommodate shoulders/chest of patients that further minimises aerosol transmission. The box is easy to disinfect with 70% alcohol or bleach. Bronchoscopy procedures (foreign body removal, balloon bronchoplasty, endobronchial ultrasound, bronchial washings) and intubation was done with BSBs in 20 patients.RESULT: We were able to manoeuvre the bronchoscope and navigate up to the right lower lobe bronchus and left lower bronchus without any difficulty. The intubation procedure was performed comfortably with the BSB. 10 bronchoscopy procedures were performed with the Prototype 1 while 6 bronchoscopy procedures and 4 intubation procedures were performed with Prototype 2. CONCLUSION: BSB is a reusable, multi-purpose aerosol safety barrier which can be utilized for bronchoscopy procedures and intubation to help protect HCWs against COVID-19. .